{"id":260,"date":"2010-01-01T19:43:18","date_gmt":"2010-01-01T19:43:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.reefrelieffounders.com\/science\/?p=260"},"modified":"2010-01-15T19:46:12","modified_gmt":"2010-01-15T19:46:12","slug":"microbial-pests-coral-disease-in-the-western-atlantic-by-d-l-santavy-e-c-peters","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.reefrelieffounders.com\/science\/2010\/01\/01\/microbial-pests-coral-disease-in-the-western-atlantic-by-d-l-santavy-e-c-peters\/","title":{"rendered":"8th Internat&#8217;l Coral Reef Symposium: Microbial Pests: Coral Disease in the Western Atlantic by D.L. Santavy, E.C. Peters"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.reefrelieffounders.com\/science\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/01\/Microbial-Pests-Coral-Disease-in-the-Western-Atlantic.pdf\">Microbial Pests&#8211;Coral Disease in the Western Atlantic<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Proc. 8th Int. Coral Reef Symp. 1:607-612.\u00a0 1997<\/p>\n<p>D.L. Santavy and E.C. Peters<br \/>\nU.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Dr., Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561, U.S.A<br \/>\nTetra Tech., Inc. 10306 Eaton Place, Suite 340, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, U.S.A<\/p>\n<p><strong>ABSTRACT<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Diseases of sceleractinian corals have increased significantly over the last decade, affecting greater number of species around the world. Gross signs of coral disease are often observed in tissue loss on the skeleton, making differential diagnosis difficult. Using the histopathological and infrastructural techniques, coupled with microbiological analyses, the importance of microorganisms as pathogens in coral diseases is becoming more apparent.<\/p>\n<p>This paper addresses the ecology of pathogens on reefs, specifically bacreria and cynobacteria that produce disease in scleractinian and acyonarian corals.<\/p>\n<p>We review the nature of the disease and the influence of adverse environmental conditions. An update is presented on research concerning the bacteria associated with black- and white- band diseases; observations are presented concerning other coral diseases in the western Atlantic that appear to be caused by bacteria. We conclude with suggestions for improving the recognition that include research to identify bacterial pathogens and the role of environmental factors in the development of coral disease.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Microbial Pests&#8211;Coral Disease in the Western Atlantic Proc. 8th Int. Coral Reef Symp. 1:607-612.\u00a0 1997 D.L. Santavy and E.C. Peters U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Dr., Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561, U.S.A Tetra Tech., Inc. 10306 Eaton Place, Suite 340, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, U.S.A ABSTRACT Diseases of sceleractinian corals have increased significantly &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reefrelieffounders.com\/science\/2010\/01\/01\/microbial-pests-coral-disease-in-the-western-atlantic-by-d-l-santavy-e-c-peters\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">8th Internat&#8217;l Coral Reef Symposium: Microbial Pests: Coral Disease in the Western Atlantic by D.L. Santavy, E.C. Peters<\/span> <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-260","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.8 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Microbial Pests--Coral Disease in the Western Atlantic Proc. 8th Int. Coral Reef Symp. 1:607-612. 1997 D.L. Santavy and E.C. Peters U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Dr., Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561, U.S.A Tetra Tech., Inc. 10306 Eaton Place, Suite 340, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, U.S.A ABSTRACT Diseases of sceleractinian corals have increased significantly\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.reefrelieffounders.com\/science\/2010\/01\/01\/microbial-pests-coral-disease-in-the-western-atlantic-by-d-l-santavy-e-c-peters\/\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 4.9.8\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Reef Science |\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"8th Internat\u2019l Coral Reef Symposium: Microbial Pests: Coral Disease in the Western Atlantic by D.L. Santavy, E.C. 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Peters U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Dr., Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561, U.S.A Tetra Tech., Inc. 10306 Eaton Place, Suite 340, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, U.S.A ABSTRACT Diseases of sceleractinian corals have increased significantly\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.reefrelieffounders.com\/science\/2010\/01\/01\/microbial-pests-coral-disease-in-the-western-atlantic-by-d-l-santavy-e-c-peters\/\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2010-01-01T19:43:18+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2010-01-15T19:46:12+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"8th Internat\u2019l Coral Reef Symposium: Microbial Pests: Coral Disease in the Western Atlantic by D.L. Santavy, E.C. 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Santavy, E.C. Peters - Reef Science","og:description":"Microbial Pests--Coral Disease in the Western Atlantic Proc. 8th Int. Coral Reef Symp. 1:607-612. 1997 D.L. Santavy and E.C. Peters U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Dr., Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561, U.S.A Tetra Tech., Inc. 10306 Eaton Place, Suite 340, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, U.S.A ABSTRACT Diseases of sceleractinian corals have increased significantly","og:url":"https:\/\/www.reefrelieffounders.com\/science\/2010\/01\/01\/microbial-pests-coral-disease-in-the-western-atlantic-by-d-l-santavy-e-c-peters\/","article:published_time":"2010-01-01T19:43:18+00:00","article:modified_time":"2010-01-15T19:46:12+00:00","twitter:card":"summary","twitter:title":"8th Internat\u2019l Coral Reef Symposium: Microbial Pests: Coral Disease in the Western Atlantic by D.L. Santavy, E.C. Peters - Reef Science","twitter:description":"Microbial Pests--Coral Disease in the Western Atlantic Proc. 8th Int. Coral Reef Symp. 1:607-612. 1997 D.L. Santavy and E.C. Peters U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Dr., Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561, U.S.A Tetra Tech., Inc. 10306 Eaton Place, Suite 340, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, U.S.A ABSTRACT Diseases of sceleractinian corals have increased significantly"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"260","title":null,"description":null,"keywords":null,"keyphrases":null,"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":null,"og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":null,"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[],"defaultGraph":"","defaultPostTypeGraph":""},"schema_type":null,"schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":null,"robots_max_videopreview":null,"robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":null,"local_seo":null,"breadcrumb_settings":null,"limit_modified_date":false,"ai":null,"created":"2021-05-14 14:40:11","updated":"2025-06-04 01:27:22","seo_analyzer_scan_date":null},"aioseo_breadcrumb":"<div class=\"aioseo-breadcrumbs\"><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reefrelieffounders.com\/science\" title=\"Home\">Home<\/a>\n\t\t<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb-separator\">&raquo;<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reefrelieffounders.com\/science\/category\/uncategorized\/\" title=\"Uncategorized\">Uncategorized<\/a>\n\t\t<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb-separator\">&raquo;<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\t8th Internat\u2019l Coral Reef Symposium: Microbial Pests: Coral Disease in the Western Atlantic by D.L. 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